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Posts tagged as “Welfare”

Enlightened Economy

The term "Enlightened Economy" most prominently refers to the economic history of Britain during the period of roughly 1700 to 1850, as argued by economic historian Joel Mokyr.

Shareholder Value Analysis (SVA)

Shareholder Value Analysis (SVA), often associated with the work of Alfred Rappaport, is a sophisticated approach to financial management and strategic decision-making. It is founded on the principle that the primary objective of a company should be to maximize the economic value created for its equity shareholders.

Public Finance

Public finance is a field of economics that studies the role of government in the economy. It is concerned with how governments at all levels (national, state, and local) raise money, how they spend it, and how these activities affect the economy and society.

Social Market Economy

This model, which became the cornerstone of West Germany's economic recovery and subsequent prosperity, is not a mixed economy in the conventional sense but rather a market-based system operating within a strong, socially conscious regulatory framework.

Social Choice Theory

It analyzes the principles and processes underlying collective decision-making, such as voting systems and social welfare functions, to determine how a group can make a rational choice that reflects the preferences of its members.

Development Economics

Development economics is a branch of economics that focuses on the economic, social, and institutional mechanisms that govern the process of economic transformation in low- and middle-income countries.

3 Impossibility Theorem

An impossibility theorem in economics and social choice theory is a result that demonstrates that a seemingly desirable set of conditions for a system, such as a voting method or social welfare function, are mutually contradictory.

Theory of the Second Best

First introduced by economists Richard Lipsey and Kelvin Lancaster in 1956, this theory shows that in an imperfect world, fixing one imperfection doesn’t necessarily lead to a better outcome—unless all other conditions for optimal efficiency are also met.

Economic Liberalism and Economic Conservatism

While economic liberalism emphasizes free markets, individual freedom, and limited government intervention as pathways to growth and innovation, economic conservatism prioritizes fiscal responsibility, stability, and the preservation of traditional institutions to ensure long-term economic health.